Archive for October 5, 2011



Mason student Rebecca Hampson poses with her new, "Love South Sudan!" t-shirt. T-shirts are being sold for $20 to raise money for the humanitarian aid project. (Jake McLernon)

Mason Cru, a Christian ministry organization, and the Global Aid Network (GAIN) are partnering in a humanitarian project, called “Love South Sudan!” The initiative calls upon the Mason community to help create “harvester packets” to send to families in South Sudan.

The event will be held in the HUB (formerly SUB II) on the Fairfax campus from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. on Thursday, October 20.

The Global Aid Network (GAIN) is a Christian, non-profit, humanitarian aid organization. GAIN works with ministry organizations to facilitate global aid projects.

Mason Cru Director Brett Miller said South Sudan is a nation in great need of help.

“There has been a long conflict [in South Sudan] and since becoming its own country, there is a great need to help displaced families living there,” said Miller.

South Sudan became an independent nation on July 9, 2011.

“Harvester packets” are envelopes containing a variety of vegetable seeds which can be used to create a sustainable farm, said Monica Tindie, GAIN Program Specialist.

Mason Cru and GAIN are asking the Mason community to assist in creating 54,000 seed packets to send to families in South Sudan.

Tindie said GAIN serves countries around the world, taking a “holistic approach” to humanitarian aid.

Our aim is to provide “aid with dignity,” said Tindie. We want to serve “physically, emotionally, and spiritually.”

Volunteers are invited to stop by throughout the day Thursday and assist in the packaging process. No sign-ups or time commitments are required.

Miller believes “Love South Sudan!” is a humanitarian initiative that appeals to everyone in the Mason community.

“We really think this is something the whole Mason community can come around,” said Miller. “We’re excited.”

According to Miller, several student organizations have already committed to volunteering with the project and he said he expects around 1,000 student volunteers in total.

Miller believes a big part of the projects appeal is the sustainable aid it provides.

“We knew about GAIN’s seed packing program and wanted to be able to offer something sustainable,” Miller said. “We wanted to be able to address long-term needs.”

T-shirts will also be sold to help raise funds for the effort. Each shirt will be sold for $20, the cost of 40 seed “harvester packs.”

Miller said there are two big ways community members can aid the project prior to volunteering on Oct. 20. The first is to buy a t-shirt and the second is to recruit others to do the same.

“Fifteen of the twenty dollars goes towards purchasing the seeds,” Miller said.

Students and community members are also invited to make monetary donations which can be submitted on the event website at www.lovesouthsudangmu.com.

In addition to facilitating global aid projects domestically, GAIN sends volunteers to countries around the world, helping with the distribution of aid. On their website, GAIN provides links with information about a variety of mission trips.

www.gainusa.org/getinvolved/trips

http://www.connect2mason.com/content/love-south-sudan-seeks-join-mason-community-humanitarian-aid-effort

Security Arrests for money Counterfeit Criminals

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

By Staff Writer ǀ 05.10.2011

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Security Organs have arrested 14 people who have been involved in money printing. “Many nationalities from West Africa, Uganda, Congo and South Sudanese have been involved in forging both the local and hard currencies. Investigations are still ongoing and soon they will appear in the court,” said the economic director. The officer said the economy is the backbone of the country if not contained, the state will collapse.

According to the officer, the criminal act has become rampant when the new South Sudanese pounds have been released following the independence on the 9th July. He called on the government to feel concern and work together, saying the citizens should report any strange money to the higher authorities. Another officer who requested his name not to be disclosed said releasing suspects is a threat to their lives. “We are not happy with the judiciary. You find that a culprit today’s walks in the street tomorrow,”

He pointed out that the criminals come to South Sudan as investors, but later involve themselves in counterfeiting and other dubious activities. A group headed by a Ugandan, Farouq Moses circulated part of the money in Wau and Juba and 725 SSP. His distributor in Bahr el Ghazal is Youl Kulang and machines were recovered from them. The second group specializes in black currencies operating in Gudele is headed by John Kong, the public relations officer of Upper Nile office in Juba. His is assisted by Jokino Foso, a former driver with Ivory Bank and his son Pascal Sebit. Denis Rani, dealing in black dollars and caught in Gudele is a Congolese national and his friend Salih Ibrahim is from Central African Republic, CAR.

This group was caught with amount worth10, 000 SSP and 10,000 US dollars.While Johannes Marinus, a Dutch national, 56 years faces charges of counterfeiting, possession of South Sudan police headquarters, stamps belong to local councils in Uganda.According to the economic director for crimes, he has been arrested and detained for eight years in Mauritius, charged of drug trafficking and in Kaabong, Uganda for smuggling reptiles and cobra.His co. dealer, Mohone Fredrick, 37 years from Uganda possesses 22 different sim cards, 9 passports bearing different names and 61 various passport size photos.Deng Garang, 23 years old South Sudanese, an associate of the group will be charged with robbery, extortion, fraud, having illegal stamps and counterfeiting.

Other two people assisting the Dutch man, Deng Malual Dut and Jacob Yot were netted with 719494 SSP, 930,000 Uganda Shillings and 131725 SSP, a combination of fake and genuine money.59,600 fake dollars were impounded from Jeapien Bebo, a Congolese and his friend, Youndo Giendor, a Cameroonian.Those who formerly robbed VIVA Cell office, Vaniture forex bureau, Agricultural Bank in Juba, Revenue office of Central Equatoria and Mama Bank in Wau, Kyanjo Ashraf, 22 years and Badru Sajjabi, 46 years are all Ugandans.

The economic crimes director of the security operatives in South Sudan said they were arrested in Uganda and confessed of what they did, but later freed.“After being released, they were again arrested at the border when trying to enter South Sudan,” the director of economic crimes explained.The security organs say two years back; two Ugandans and a Sudanese were convicted foe seven years in Yambio, Western Equatoria.Meanwhile two in Kajo-Keji, one sentenced for five and the other for seven years all escaped due to the condition of the prison facilityAsked on what will be done to the money, the officer said, “The money will be kept by the security and will be availed as evidence in the court,”

The suspected culprits are John Kong, Jokino Foso, Pascal Sebit, Garang Deng Alias Akech, Deng Malual, Jacob Yot, all South Sudanese and Denis Rani and Jeapien Bebo, Congolese, Youndo Giendor, a Cameroonian, Johannes Marinus, a Dutch, Mohone, Kyanjo Ashraf, Badru Sajjab, all Ugandans and Salih Ibrahim from Central African Republic.

CITIZEN NEWSPAPER

Steven Jobs of Apple is Dead

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in People

Steven P. Jobs, Co-Founder of Apple, Dies

Steven P. Jobs, the co-founder of the technology company Apple Inc. who came to define the global digital culture at the outset of the 21st century, died, it was announced Wednesday.

On Aug. 24, Apple had announced that Mr. Jobs, who had battled cancer for several years, was stepping down as chief executive.

Steve Jobs’ 2005 Stanford Commencement Address

Read More:
http://www.nytimes.com/?emc=na

Steve Jobs, Apple Co-Founder and Visionary, Is Dead

By NICK WINGFIELD

SAN FRANCISCO — Steven P. Jobs, the visionary co-founder and former chief executive of Apple, has died at 56.

Apple said in a press release that it was “deeply saddened” to announced that Mr. Jobs had passed away on Wednesday.

“Steve’s brilliance, passion and energy were the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives,” the company said. “The world is immeasurably better because of Steve.

Mr. Jobs stepped down from the chief executive role in late August, saying he could no longer fulfill his duties, and became chairman. He underwent surgery for pancreatic cancer in 2004, and received a liver transplant in 2009.

Rarely has a major company and industry been so dominated by a single individual, and so successful. His influence went far beyond the iconic personal computers that were Apple’s principal product for its first 20 years. In the last decade, Apple has redefined the music business through the iPod, the cellphone business through the iPhone and the entertainment and media world through the iPad. Again and again, Mr. Jobs gambled that he knew what the customer would want, and again and again he was right.

October 5, 2011 7:46 PM
Apple co-founder Steve Jobs dead at 56
By Tom Krazit
(CNET) Apple co-founder and Chairman Steve Jobs died today. He was 56.Jobs had been suffering from various health issues following the seven-year anniversary of his surgery for a rare form of pancreatic cancer in August 2004. Apple announced in January that he would be taking an indeterminate medical leave of absence. Jobs then stepped down as chief executivein late August, citing his inability to “meet my duties and expectations” stemming from his illness.In a statement, Apple said paid tribute to its one-time leader as ” a visionary and creative genius” adding that the world had “lost an amazing human being.”Photos: The life of Steve Jobs“Those of us who have been fortunate enough to know and work with Steve have lost a dear friend and an inspiring mentor. Steve leaves behind a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple,” the company statement said.Jobs “died peacefully today surrounded by his family,” the family said in a statement, which went on to thank the “many people who have shared their wishes and prayers during the last year of Steve’s illness” and promise a website for those who wish to offer tributes and memories.But tributes and memories were already flowing infrom political leaders, titans of Silicon Valley industry, and from ordinary Americans.The world reacts to Steve Jobs’ passingCalifornia Gov. Jerry Brown mourned the loss of “a California innovator who demonstrated what a totally independent and creative mind can accomplish.”

Recalling his interactions with Jobs over three decades as “colleagues, competitors and friends,” Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates said “the world rarely sees someone who has had the profound impact Steve has had, the effects of which will be felt for many generations to come. For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, it’s been an insanely great honor. I will miss Steve immensely. ”

Commentary: Steve Jobs thought differentJobs had undergone a liver transplant in April 2009 during an earlier planned six-month leave of absence. He returned to work for a year and a half before his health forced him to take more time off. He told his employees in August, “I have always said if there ever came a day when I could no longer meet my duties and expectations as Apple’s CEO, I would be the first to let you know. Unfortunately, that day has come.”

One of the most legendary businessmen in American history, Jobs turned three separate industries on their head in the 35 years he was involved in the technology industry.

Personal computing was invented with the launch of the Apple II in 1977. Legal digital music recordings were brought into the mainstream with the iPod and iTunes in the early 2000s, and mobile phones were never the same after the 2007 debut of the iPhone. Jobs played an instrumental role in the development of all three, and managed to find time to transform the art of computer-generated movie-making on the side.

Video: Steve Jobs retrospective
Video: The charisma of Steve Jobs: From the Mac to the iPad
Steve Jobs steps down from Apple
Jobs and the Apple MacBook: The laptop that changed (almost) everythingThe invention of the iPad in 2010, a touch-screen tablet computer his competitors flocked to reproduce, was the capstone of his career as a technologist. A conceptual hybrid of a touch-screen iPod and a slate computer, the 10-inch mobile device was Jobs’ vision for a more personal computing device.

Jobs was considered brilliant yet brash. He valued elegance in design yet was almost never seen in public wearing anything but a black mock turtleneck, blue jeans, and a few days worth of stubble. A master salesman who considered himself an artist at heart, Jobs inspired both reverence and fear in those who worked for him and against him, and was adored by an army of loyal Apple customers who almost saw him as superhuman.

Jobs was born in San Francisco in 1955 to young parents who gave him up for adoption. Paul and Clara Jobs gave him his name, and moved out of the city in 1960 to the Santa Clara Valley, later to be known as Silicon Valley. Jobs grew up in Mountain View and Cupertino, where Apple’s headquarters is located.

He attended Reed College in Oregon for a year but dropped out, although he sat in on some classes that interested him, such as calligraphy. After a brief stint at Atari working on video games, he spent time backpacking around India, furthering teenage experiments with psychedelic drugs and developing an interest in Buddhism, all of which would shape his work at Apple.

Back in California, Jobs’ friend Steve Wozniak was learning the skills that would change both their lives. When Jobs discovered that Wozniak had been assembling relatively (for the time) small computers, he struck a partnership, and Apple Computer was founded in 1976 in the usual Silicon Valley fashion: setting up shop in the garage of one of the founder’s parents.

Apple pays homage to Steve Jobs on its website(Credit: Apple)

Wozniak handled the technical end, creating the Apple I, while Jobs ran sales and distribution. The company sold a few hundred Apple Is, but found much greater success with the Apple II, which put the company on the map and is largely credited as having proven that regular people wanted computers.

It also made Jobs and Wozniak rich. Apple went public in 1980, and Jobs was well on his way to becoming one of the first tech industry celebrities, earning a reputation for brilliance, arrogance, and the sheer force of his will and persuasion, often jokingly referred to as his “reality-distortion field.”

The debut of the Macintosh in 1984 left no doubt that Apple was a serious player in the computer industry, but Jobs only had a little more than a year left at the company he founded when the Mac was released in January 1984.

By 1985 Apple CEO John Sculley–who Jobs had convinced to leave Pepsi in 1983 and run Apple with the legendary line, “Do you want to spend the rest of your life selling sugared water or do you want a chance to change the world?”–had developed his own ideas for the future of the company, and they differed from Jobs’. He removed Jobs from his position leading the Macintosh team, and Apple’s board backed Sculley.

Jobs resigned from the company, later telling an audience of Stanford University graduates “what had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.” He would get the last laugh.

Videos from “60 Minutes”: What drove Steve Jobs?
Jobs: I was basically fired from Apple
Steve Jobs and the Beatles
Steve Jobs and Pixar: How it startedHe went on to found NeXT, which set about making the next computer in Jobs’ eyes. NeXT was never the commercial success that Apple was, but during those years, Jobs found three things that would help him architect his return.

The first was Pixar. Jobs snapped up the graphic-arts division of Lucasfilm in 1986, which would go on to produce “Toy Story” in 1995 and set the standard for computer-graphics films. After making a fortune from Pixar’s IPO in 1995, Jobs eventually sold the company to Disney in 2006.

The second was object-oriented software development. NeXT chose this development model for its software operating systems, and it proved to be more advanced and more nimble than the operating system developments Apple was working on without Jobs.

The third was Laurene Powell, a Stanford MBA student who attended a talk on entrepreneurialism given by Jobs in 1989 at the university. The two wed in 1991 and eventually had three children; Reed, born in 1991, Erin, born in 1995, and Eve, born in 1998. Jobs has another daughter, Lisa, who was born 1978, but Jobs refused to acknowledge he was her father for the first few years of her life, eventually reconciling with Lisa and her mother, his high-school girlfriend Chris-Ann Brennan.

Jobs returned to Apple in 1996, having convinced then-CEO Gil Amelio to adopt NeXTStep as the future of Apple’s operating system development. Apple was in a shambles at the time, losing money, market share, and key employees.

By 1997, Jobs was once again in charge of Apple. He immediately brought buzz back to the company, which pared down and reacquired a penchant for showstoppers, such as the 1998 introduction of the iMac; perhaps the first “Stevenote.” His presentation skills at events such as Macworld would become legendary examples of showmanship and star power in the tech industry.

Jobs also set the company on the path to becoming a consumer-electronics powerhouse, creating and improving products such as the iPod, iTunes, and later, the iPhone and iPad. Apple is the most valuable technology company in the world, and has a market capitalization second to only ExxonMobil, which Apple surpassed multiple times this past August.

He did so in his own fashion, imposing his ideas and beliefs on his employees and their products in ways that left many a career in tatters. Jobs enforced a culture of secrecy at Apple and was an extremely demanding leader, terrorizing Apple employees when he returned to the company in the late 1990s with summary firings if he didn’t like the answers they gave when questioned.

Steve Jobs’ Stanford commencement speech: “How to live before you die”Jobs was an intensely private person. That quality put him and Apple at odds with government regulators and stockholders who demanded to know details about his ongoing health problems and his prognosis as the leader and alter ego of his company. It spurred a 2009 SEC probe into whether Apple’s board had made misleading statements about his health.

In the years before he fell ill in 2008, Jobs seemed to soften a bit, perhaps due to his bout with a rare form of pancreatic cancer in 2004.

In 2005, his remarks to Stanford graduates included this line: “Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything–all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure–these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.”

Later, in 2007, he appeared onstage at the D: All Things Digital conference for a lengthy interview with bitter rival Bill Gates, exchanging mutual praise and prophetically quoting the Beatles: “You and I have memories longer than the road that stretches out ahead.”

Jobs leaves behind his wife, four children, two sisters, and 49,000 Apple employees.

CNET’s Josh Lowensohn and Erica Ogg contributed to this report.

http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/10/05/scitech/main20116338.shtml

Steve Jobs dies: Apple chief created personal computer, iPad, iPod, iPhone

Steve Jobs, the mastermind behind Apple’s iPhone, iPad, iPod, iMac and iTunes, has died, Apple said. Jobs was 56.

ABC News –
  • Jeff Chiu, File – FILE – In this Jan. 15, 2008, file photo, Apple CEO Steve Jobs holds up the new MacBook Air after giving the keynote address at the Apple MacWorld Conference in San Francisco. Apple on Wednesday, …more  Oct. 5, 2011 said Jobs has died. He was 56. (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu, File)  less 

  • FILE – In this June 7, 2010, file photo, Apple CEO Steve Jobs holds a new iPhone …

By NED POTTER and COLLEEN CURRY

Steve Jobs, the mastermind behind Apple’s iPhone, iPad, iPod, iMac and iTunes, has died, Apple said. Jobs was 56.

“We are deeply saddened to announce that Steve Jobs passed away today,” read a statement by Apple’s board of directors. “Steve’s brilliance, passion and energy were the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives. The world is immeasurably better because of Steve. His greatest love was for his wife, Laurene, and his family. Our hearts go out to them and to all who were touched by his extraordinary gifts.”

The homepage of Apple’s website this evening switched to a full-page image of Jobs with the text, “Steve Jobs 1955-2011.”

Clicking on the image revealed the additional text: “Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being. Those of us who have been fortunate enough to know and work with Steve have lost a dear friend and an inspiring mentor. Steve leaves behind a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple.”

Jobs co-founded Apple Computer in 1976 and, with his childhood friend Steve Wozniak, marketed what was considered the world’s first personal computer, the Apple II.

Shortly after learning of Jobs’ death, Wozniak told ABC News, “I’m shocked and disturbed.”
Industry watchers called him a master innovator — perhaps on a par with Thomas Edison — changing the worlds of computing, recorded music and communications.

In 2004, he beat back an unusual form of pancreatic cancer, and in 2009 he was forced to get a liver transplant. After several years of failing health, Jobs announced on Aug. 24, 2011 that he was stepping down as Apple’s chief executive.

“I have always said if there ever came a day when I could no longer meet my duties and expectations as Apple’s CEO, I would be the first to let you know,” Jobs wrote in his letter of resignation. “Unfortunately, that day has come.”

One of the world’s most famous CEOs, Jobs remained stubbornly private about his personal life, refusing interviews and shielding his wife and their children from public view.”He’s never been a media person,” said industry analyst Tim Bajarin, president of Creative Strategies, after Jobs resigned. “He’s granted interviews in the context of product launches, when it benefits Apple, but you never see him talk about himself.”The highlights of Jobs’s career trajectory are well-known: a prodigy who dropped out of Reed College in Oregon and, at 21, started Apple with Wozniak in his parents’ garage. He was a multimillionaire by 25, appeared on the cover of Time magazine at 26, and was ousted at Apple at age 30, in 1984.In the years that followed, he went into other businesses, founding NeXT computers and, in 1986, buying the computer graphics arm of Lucasfilm, Ltd., which became Pixar Animation Studios.He was described as an exacting and sometimes fearsome leader, ordering up and rejecting multiple versions of new products until the final version was just right. He said the design and aesthetics of a device were as important as the hardware and software inside.In 1996, Apple, which had struggled without Jobs, brought him back by buying NeXT. He became CEO in 1997 and put the company on a remarkable upward path.

By 2001 the commercial music industry was on its knees because digital recordings, copied and shared online for free, made it unnecessary for millions of people to buy compact discs.

Jobs took advantage with the iPod — essentially a pocket-sized computer hard drive with elegantly simple controls and a set of white earbuds so that one could listen to the hours of music one saved on it. He set up the iTunes online music store, and persuaded major recording labels to sell songs for 99 cents each. No longer did people have to go out and buy a CD if they liked one song from it. They bought a digital file and stored it in their iPod.

In 2007, he transformed the cell phone. Apple’s iPhone, with its iconic touch screen, was a handheld computer, music player, messaging device, digital wallet and — almost incidentally — cell phone. Major competitors, such as BlackBerry, Nokia and Motorola, struggled after it appeared.

By 2010, Apple’s new iPad began to cannibalize its original business, the personal computer. The iPad was a sleek tablet computer with a touch screen and almost no physical buttons. It could be used for almost anything software designers could conceive, from watching movies to taking pictures to leafing through a virtual book.

Personal life

Jobs kept a close cadre of friends, Bajarin said, including John Lasseter of Pixar and Larry Ellison of Oracle, but beyond that, shared very little of his personal life with anyone.

But that personal life — he was given up at birth for adoption, had an illegitimate child, was romantically linked with movie stars — was full of intrigue for his fan base and Apple consumers.

Jobs and his wife, Laurene Powell, were married in a small ceremony in Yosemite National Park in 1991, lived in Woodside, Calif., and had three children: Reed Paul, Erin Sienna and Eve.

He admitted that when he was 23, he had a child out of wedlock with his high school girlfriend, Chris Ann Brennan. Their daughter, Lisa Brennan Jobs, was born in 1978.

He had a biological sister, Mona Simpson, the author of such well-known books as “Anywhere But Here.” But he did not meet Simpson until they were adults and he was seeking out his birth parents. Simpson later wrote a book based on their relationship. She called it “A Regular Guy.”

Fortune magazine reported that Jobs denied paternity of Lisa for years, at one point swearing in a court document that he was infertile and could not have children. According to the report, Chris Ann Brennan collected welfare for a time to support the child until Jobs later acknowledged Lisa as his daughter.
There were other personal details that emerged over the years, as well.

At Reed, Jobs became romantically involved with the singer Joan Baez, according to Elizabeth Holmes, a friend and classmate. In “The Second Coming of Steve Jobs,” Holmes tells biographer Alan Deutschman that Jobs broke up with his serious girlfriend to “begin an affair with the charismatic singer-activist.” Holmes confirmed the details to ABC News.

Jobs’ health and Apple’s health

Enigmatic and charismatic, Jobs said little about himself. But then his body began to fail him.
In 2004, he was forced to say publicly he had a rare form of pancreatic cancer. In 2009, it was revealed that he had quietly gone to a Memphis hospital for a liver transplant.

He took three medical leaves from Apple. He did not share details.

In 2009, sources said, members of Apple’s board of directors had to persuade him to disclose more about his health as “a fiduciary issue,” interwoven with the health of the company.

He was listed in March as 109th on the Forbes list of the world’s billionaires, with a net worth of about $8.3 billion. After selling Pixar animation studios to The Walt Disney Company in 2006, he became a Disney board member and the company’s largest shareholder. Disney is the parent company of ABC News.

Analysts said Apple performed well during Jobs’ absence, partly because he was available for big decisions and partly because his chief lieutenant, Tim Cook, was the hands-on manager even when Jobs was there.

The company has a history of bouncing back. In January 2009, after he announced his second medical leave, Apple stock dropped to $78.20 per share. But it quickly recovered and became one of the most successful stocks on Wall Street. On one day in the summer of 2011, with the stock hitting the $400 level, Apple briefly passed ExxonMobil as the world’s most valuable company.

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By Taylor Hatmaker, Tecca | Today in Tech
Steve Jobs leans against his wife, Laurene Powell Jobs (Lea Suzuki/San Francisco Chronicle/Corbis)

For all of his years in the spotlight at the helm of Apple, Steve Jobs in many ways remains an inscrutable figure — even in his death. Fiercely private, Jobs concealed most specifics about his personal life, from his curious family life to the details of his battle with pancreatic cancer — a disease that ultimately claimed him on Wednesday, at the age of 56.While the CEO and co-founder of Apple steered most interviews away from the public fascination with his private life, there’s plenty we know about Jobs the person, beyond the Mac and the iPhone. If anything, the obscure details of his interior life paint a subtler, more nuanced portrait of how one of the finest technology minds of our time grew into the dynamo that we remember him as today.

1. Early life and childhood
Jobs was born in San Francisco on February 24, 1955. He was adopted shortly after his birth and reared near Mountain View, California by a couple named Clara and Paul Jobs. His adoptive father — a term that Jobs openly objected to — was a machinist for a laser company and his mother worked as an accountant.

Later in life, Jobs discovered the identities of his estranged parents. His birth mother, Joanne Simpson, was a graduate student at the time and later a speech pathologist; his biological father, Abdulfattah John Jandali, was a Syrian Muslim who left the country at age 18 and reportedly now serves as the vice president of a Reno, Nevada casino. While Jobs reconnected with Simpson in later years, he and his biological father remained estranged.

Reed College

2. College dropout
The lead mind behind the most successful company on the planet never graduated from college, in fact, he didn’t even get close. After graduating from high school in Cupertino, California — a town now synonymous with 1 Infinite Loop, Apple’s headquarters — Jobs enrolled in Reed College in 1972. Jobs stayed at Reed (a liberal arts university in Portland, Oregon) for only one semester, dropping out quickly due to the financial burden the private school’s steep tuition placed on his parents.

In his famous 2005 commencement speech to Stanford University, Jobs said of his time at Reed: “It wasn’t all romantic. I didn’t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5 cent deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.”

3. Fibbed to his Apple co-founder about a job at Atari
Jobs is well known for his innovations in personal computing, mobile tech, and software, but he also helped create one of the best known video games of all-time. In 1975, Jobs was tapped by Atari to work on the Pong-like game Breakout.

He was reportedly offered $750 for his development work, with the possibility of an extra $100 for each chip eliminated from the game’s final design. Jobs recruited Steve Wozniak (later one of Apple’s other founders) to help him with the challenge. Wozniak managed to whittle the prototype’s design down so much that Atari paid out a $5,000 bonus — but Jobs kept the bonus for himself, and paid his unsuspecting friend only $375, according to Wozniak’s own autobiography.

4. The wife he leaves behind
Like the rest of his family life, Jobs kept his marriage out of the public eye. Thinking back on his legacy conjures images of him commanding the stage in his trademark black turtleneck and jeans, and those solo moments are his most iconic. But at home in Palo Alto, Jobs was raising a family with his wife, Laurene, an entrepreneur who attended the University of Pennsylvania’s prestigious Wharton business school and later received her MBA at Stanford, where she first met her future husband.

For all of his single-minded dedication to the company he built from the ground up, Jobs actually skipped a meeting to take Laurene on their first date: “I was in the parking lot with the key in the car, and I thought to myself, ‘If this is my last night on earth, would I rather spend it at a business meeting or with this woman?’ I ran across the parking lot, asked her if she’d have dinner with me. She said yes, we walked into town and we’ve been together ever since.”

In 1991, Jobs and Powell were married in the Ahwahnee Hotel at Yosemite National Park, and the marriage was officiated by Kobin Chino, a Zen Buddhist monk.

5. His sister is a famous author
Later in his life, Jobs crossed paths with his biological sister while seeking the identity of his birth parents. His sister, Mona Simpson (born Mona Jandali), is the well-known author of Anywhere But Here — a story about a mother and daughter that was later adapted into a film starring Natalie Portman and Susan Sarandon.

After reuniting, Jobs and Simpson developed a close relationship. Of his sister, he told a New York Times interviewer: “We’re family. She’s one of my best friends in the world. I call her and talk to her every couple of days.” Anywhere But Here is dedicated to “my brother Steve.”

Joan Baez

6. Celebrity romances
In The Second Coming of Steve Jobs, an unauthorized biography, a friend from Reed reveals that Jobs had a brief fling with folk singer Joan Baez. Baez confirmed the the two were close “briefly,” though her romantic connection with Bob Dylan is much better known (Dylan was the Apple icon’s favorite musician). The biography also notes that Jobs went out with actress Diane Keaton briefly.

7. His first daughter
When he was 23, Jobs and his high school girlfriend Chris Ann Brennan conceived a daughter, Lisa Brennan Jobs. She was born in 1978, just as Apple began picking up steam in the tech world. He and Brennan never married, and Jobs reportedly denied paternity for some time, going as far as stating that he was sterile in court documents. He went on to father three more children with Laurene Powell. After later mending their relationship, Jobs paid for his first daughter’s education at Harvard. She graduated in 2000 and now works as a magazine writer.

8. Alternative lifestyle
In a few interviews, Jobs hinted at his early experience with the psychedelic drug LSD. Of Microsoft founder Bill Gates, Jobs said: “I wish him the best, I really do. I just think he and Microsoft are a bit narrow. He’d be a broader guy if he had dropped acid once or gone off to an ashram when he was younger.”

The connection has enough weight that Albert Hofmann, the Swiss scientist who first synthesized (and took) LSD, appealed to Jobs for funding for research about the drug’s therapeutic use.

In a book interview, Jobs called his experience with the drug “one of the two or three most important things I have done in my life.” As Jobs himself has suggested, LSD may have contributed to the “think different” approach that still puts Apple’s designs a head above the competition.

Jobs will forever be a visionary, and his personal life also reflects the forward-thinking, alternative approach that vaulted Apple to success. During a trip to India, Jobs visited a well-known ashram and returned to the U.S. as a Zen Buddhist.

Jobs was also a pescetarian who didn’t consume most animal products, and didn’t eat meat other than fish. A strong believer in Eastern medicine, he sought to treat his own cancer through alternative approaches and specialized diets before reluctantly seeking his first surgery for a cancerous tumor in 2004.

9. His fortune
As the CEO of the world’s most valuable brand, Jobs pulled in a comically low annual salary of just $1. While the gesture isn’t unheard of in the corporate world  — Google’s Larry Page, Sergey Brin, and Eric Schmidt all pocketed the same 100 penny salary annually — Jobs has kept his salary at $1 since 1997, the year he became Apple’s lead executive. Of his salary, Jobs joked in 2007: “I get 50 cents a year for showing up, and the other 50 cents is based on my performance.”

In early 2011, Jobs owned 5.5 million shares of Apple. After his death, Apple shares were valued at $377.64 — a roughly 43-fold growth in valuation over the last 10 years that shows no signs of slowing down.

He may only have taken in a single dollar per year, but Jobs leaves behind a vast fortune. The largest chunk of that wealth is the roughly $7 billion from the sale of Pixar to Disney in 2006. In 2011, with an estimated net worth of $8.3 billion, he was the 110th richest person in the world, according to Forbes. If Jobs hadn’t sold his shares upon leaving Apple in 1985 (before returning to the company in 1996), he would be the world’s fifth richest individual.

While there’s no word yet on plans for his estate, Jobs leaves behind three children from his marriage to Laurene Jobs (Reed, Erin, and Eve), as well as his first daughter, Lisa Brennan-Jobs.

[Image credit: Ben Stanfield, Heinrich Klaffs]

This article originally appeared on Tecca

More from Tecca:

http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/technology-blog/8-things-didn-t-know-life-steve-jobs-172130955.html

Making the iBio for Apple’s Genius

By 

After Steve Jobs anointed Walter Isaacson as his authorized biographer in 2009, he took Mr. Isaacson to see the Mountain View, Calif., house in which he had lived as a boy. He pointed out its “clean design” and “awesome little features.” He praised the developer, Joseph Eichler, who built more than 11,000 homes in California subdivisions, for making an affordable product on a mass-market scale. And he showed Mr. Isaacson the stockade fence built 50 years earlier by his father, Paul Jobs.

Jim Wilson/The New York Times

Steve Jobs, leaving the stage after introducing the iPad, the latest in a long line of his inventions, in January 2010.

STEVE JOBS

By Walter Isaacson

Walter Isaacson

“He loved doing things right,” Mr. Jobs said. “He even cared about the look of the parts you couldn’t see.”

Mr. Jobs, the brilliant and protean creator whose inventions so utterly transformed the allure of technology, turned those childhood lessons into an all-purpose theory of intelligent design. He gave Mr. Isaacson a chance to play by the same rules. His story calls for a book that is clear, elegant and concise enough to qualify as an iBio. Mr. Isaacson’s “Steve Jobs” does its solid best to hit that target.

As a biographer of Albert Einstein and Benjamin Franklin, Mr. Isaacson knows how to explicate and celebrate genius: revered, long-dead genius. But he wrote “Steve Jobs” as its subject was mortally ill, and that is a more painful and delicate challenge. (He had access to members of the Jobs family at a difficult time.) Mr. Jobs promised not to look over Mr. Isaacson’s shoulder, and not to meddle with anything but the book’s cover. (Boy, does it look great.) And he expressed approval that the book would not be entirely flattering. But his legacy was at stake. And there were awkward questions to be asked. At the end of the volume, Mr. Jobs answers the question “What drove me?” by discussing himself in the past tense.

Mr. Isaacson treats “Steve Jobs” as the biography of record, which means that it is a strange book to read so soon after its subject’s death. Some of it is an essential Silicon Valley chronicle, compiling stories well known to tech aficionados but interesting to a broad audience. Some of it is already quaint. Mr. Jobs’s first job was at Atari, and it involved the game Pong. (“If you’re under 30, ask your parents,” Mr. Isaacson writes.) Some, like an account of the release of the iPad 2, is so recent that it is hard to appreciate yet, even if Mr. Isaacson says the device comes to life “like the face of a tickled baby.”

And some is definitely intended for future generations. “Indeed,” Mr. Isaacson writes, “its success came not just from the beauty of the hardware but from the applications, known as apps, that allowed you to indulge in all sorts of delightful activities.” One that he mentions, which will be as quaint as Pong some day, features the use of a slingshot to launch angry birds to destroy pigs and their fortresses.

So “Steve Jobs,” an account of its subject’s 56 years (he died on Oct. 5), must reach across time in more ways than one. And it does, in a well-ordered, if not streamlined, fashion. It begins with a portrait of the young Mr. Jobs, rebellious toward the parents who raised him and scornful of the ones who gave him up for adoption. (“They were my sperm and egg bank,” he says.)

Although Mr. Isaacson is not analytical about his subject’s volatile personality (the word “obnoxious” figures in the book frequently), he raises the question of whether feelings of abandonment in childhood made him fanatically controlling and manipulative as an adult. Fortunately, that glib question stays unanswered.

Mr. Jobs, who founded Apple with Stephen Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in 1976, began his career as a seemingly contradictory blend of hippie truth seeker and tech-savvy hothead.

“His Zen awareness was not accompanied by an excess of calm, peace of mind or interpersonal mellowness,” Mr. Isaacson says. “He could stun an unsuspecting victim with an emotional towel-snap, perfectly aimed,” he also writes. But Mr. Jobs valued simplicity, utility and beauty in ways that would shape his creative imagination. And the book maintains that those goals would not have been achievable in the great parade of Apple creations without that mean streak.

Mr. Isaacson takes his readers back to the time when laptops, desktops and windows were metaphors, not everyday realities. His book ticks off how each of the Apple innovations that we now take for granted first occurred to Mr. Jobs or his creative team. “Steve Jobs” means to be the authoritative book about those achievements, and it also follows Mr. Jobs into the wilderness (and to NeXT and Pixar) after his first stint at Apple, which ended in 1985.

With an avid interest in corporate intrigue, it skewers Mr. Jobs’s rivals, like John Sculley, who was recruited in 1983 to be Apple’s chief executive and fell for Mr. Jobs’s deceptive show of friendship. “They professed their fondness so effusively and often that they sounded like high school sweethearts at a Hallmark card display,” Mr. Isaacson writes.

Alessandra Montalto/The New York Times

Cover of the book “Steve Jobs” by Walter Isaacson.

Steve Jobs introduced the new Macintosh personal computer on Jan. 24, 1984.

Of course the book also tracks Mr. Jobs’s long and combative rivalry with Bill Gates. The section devoted to Mr. Jobs’s illness, which suggests that his cancer might have been more treatable had he not resisted early surgery, describes the relative tenderness of their last meeting.

“Steve Jobs” greatly admires its subject. But its most adulatory passages are not about people. Offering a combination of tech criticism and promotional hype, Mr. Isaacson describes the arrival of each new product right down to Mr. Jobs’s theatrical introductions and the advertising campaigns. But if the individual bits of hoopla seem excessive, their cumulative effect is staggering. Here is an encyclopedic survey of all that Mr. Jobs accomplished, replete with the passion and excitement that it deserves.

Mr. Jobs’s virtual reinvention of the music business with iTunes and the iPod, for instance, is made to seem all the more miraculous (“He’s got a turn-key solution,” the music executive Jimmy Iovine said.) Mr. Isaacson’s long view basically puts Mr. Jobs up there with Franklin and Einstein, even if a tiny MP3 player is not quite the theory of relativity. The book emphasizes how deceptively effortless Mr. Jobs’s ideas now seem because of their extreme intuitiveness and foresight. When Mr. Jobs, who personally persuaded musician after musician to accept the iTunes model, approached Wynton Marsalis, Mr. Marsalis was rightly more impressed with Mr. Jobs than with the device he was being shown.

Mr. Jobs’s love of music plays a big role in “Steve Jobs,” like his extreme obsession with Bob Dylan. (Like Mr. Dylan, he had a romance with Joan Baez. Her version of Mr. Dylan’s “Love Is Just a Four-Letter Word” was on Mr. Jobs’s own iPod.) So does his extraordinary way of perceiving ordinary things, like well-made knives and kitchen appliances. That he admired the Cuisinart food processor he saw at Macy’s may sound trivial, but his subsequent idea that a molded plastic covering might work well on a computer does not. Years from now, the research trip to a jelly bean factory to study potential colors for the iMac case will not seem as silly as it might now.

Skeptic after skeptic made the mistake of underrating Steve Jobs, and Mr. Isaacson records the howlers who misjudged an unrivaled career. “Sorry Steve, Here’s Why Apple Stores Won’t Work,” Business Week wrote in a 2001 headline. “The iPod will likely become a niche product,” a Harvard Business School professor said. “High tech could not be designed and sold as a consumer product,” Mr. Sculley said in 1987.

Mr. Jobs got the last laugh every time. “Steve Jobs” makes it all the sadder that his last laugh is over.

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/22/books/steve-jobs-by-walter-isaacson-review.html?pagewanted=1


Khartoum and Juba: Commit yourselves for Soft Borders

Community Empowerment for Progress Organization-CEPO is a South Sudan civil society organization registered by the Ministry of Legal Affairs and Constitutional Development in the Republic of South Sudan. CEPO is engaged in the areas of conflict mitigation, peace, human rights, and rule of law, governance, democratic transformation and livelihood. CEPO would like to congratulate both the governments of Khartoum and Juba for the idea of continuing the post-independence negotiations for addressing the outstanding issues between the two states. Kindly, Juba and Khartoum, the post-independence issues are necessary to be settle now as ranging from;

1- Border demarcation

In the forthcoming Juba-Khartoum post-independence meeting consensuses on the border administration and management is essential, because dialoguing over issues as two states without clear borders, the probability of one state intervening with the affairs of another state is high. For instance, fuelling military bandits/militias at the borders become easy including meddling of politics into border communities misunderstanding. CEPO is urges your Excellencies to view the borders from human point of view rather than seeing the borders from wealth point of view. One day the oil will get finished but the human lives at the borders will remain and need to co-exist peaceful.

a) Demilitarization of borders

Based on CEPO borders observation mission covering the Sudan states of White Nile, Blue Nile, Southern Kordofan, southern Darfur and Sinner while the South Sudan states of Upper Nile, Unity, Northern Bahr el Ghazel and Warrap, we are drawing the attention of the summit that both parties have to agree on demilitarization of the borders and none-arming of the border communities to prevent setting bandits or militias group. This is specifically for Khartoum for what is going on now as secret military trainings in Blue Nile, Southern Kordofan and Southern Darfur.

b) Policing of the borders

For Juba and Khartoum, it is indispensable for you all to reach an agreement for allowing police to administer the affairs of the border communities far from your military and political interventions. The agreement reached by both parties for opening border trading corridors will not materialize if the borders remain militarized and politicized.

2- Citizenship rights and residence

CEPO is urging the upcoming Juba-Khartoum post-independence discussions to address the issue of citizenship rights and residence from humanity sense rather than from states running parties’ frictions such as “let us make them as a failed state by aiding rebellion”. The issue of citizenship rights and residence is critical for certain citizens that have built themselves economically and socially stable whether being in Sudan or South Sudan. For instance the intermarriages at the border line before south Sudan’s independence have created population that are divided up partly South Sudanese and Sudanese. Their fate in the Sudan and south Sudan need to be made clear for them. Besides there are other populace that have no connection with intermarriage but they have the interest to stay in South Sudan or Sudan.

3- Oil charges

CEPO would like to inform the Juba-Khartoum meeting table that, the issue of oil charges should not be used to jeopardise the peaceful co-existence of both states bordering communities. Oil deals have international standards available so please turn to negotiate on international oil deals principles and standards to avoid politicizing the oil negotiation processes. Here are some of our key recommendations;

For National Congress Party and Sudan People’s Liberation Movement

I. There is need to build soft border between the two states for peaceful border communities co-existence and trading.

II. There is need to come out with realised modalities to ensure crossing the ten border trading corridors operations

III. Commitment for the recent Abyei agreement in Addis Ababa is essential as a roadmap for reaching peaceful settlement of Abyei dispute

IV. There is need to speed the demilitarization of the borders and increase non-politicized policing services

V. Ensuring peace and stability for the people of Southern Kordofan and Blue Nile need not to be begged since the comprehensive peace agreement has set formulae that address both of you( signatories to the CPA have agreed upon)

For AU and the international community

I. There is need to put pressure on the post-independence negotiations for timely settlement of issues now than late

Uganda and South Sudan form liaison to fight crime

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

With increasing economic crimes between Uganda and South Sudan, the two countries have established a liaison office that will share information of suspected criminals across their borders.

The cooperation has so far led to the arrest of over a dozen suspected criminals on both sides in just one month. Police spokesperson, Judith Nabakooba said since the cooperation was established, Ugandans who have been committing crimes like currency counterfeits, bank robberies and obtaining money by false pretense in South Sudan and run back to Uganda have been arrested.

“The Inspector General of Police, Maj. Gen. Kale Kayihura has established a link between Rapid Response Unit and the South Sudan embassy in Uganda to fight crime and increase patrols that will protect goods in transit,” Ms Nabakooba said yesterday.
There has been spikes of economic crimes between Uganda and South Sudan businessmen, which has led to losses and violent crimes especially transit of goods.

http://www.monitor.co.ug/Business/-/688322/1248606/-/4dk0gp/-/

THE CHALLENGE OF TACKLING TERRORISM IN SOUTH SUDAN

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

Aug 22, 2011

By Nenad Marinkovic


Juba, South Sudan – The independent state of South Sudan has come into existence with many unresolved issues weighing on its conscience. One of the greatest among these is the continued activity of seven South Sudanese rebel militias, in addition to the ubiquitous threat of the Lord’s Resistance Army, or LRA. The militia menace has fixed South Sudan within its first month of independence as an infamous place among the top five countries in the world where terrorist attacks are most likely to occur, according to the Terrorism Risk Index 2011.[1] Authors of the report claim that this year alone, clashes between the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army, or SPLM/A, and militias have claimed 211 lives.

The President of South Sudan, Salva Kiir Mayardit, ceremoniously offered amnesty to the rebels in his independence day speech on July 9, indicating that he intended to actively pursue reconciliation as a means for dealing with the various rebel elements. President Kiir thus demonstrated that he, perhaps better than anyone else, understands the importance of unity among the South Sudanese, a people with a number of diverse cultures and tribes.

South Sudan expert Steve Paterno told the Enough Project that this most recent offer of amnesty by President Kiir is not the first time these militias have been offered a peace deal, but many of the previous truces have been dishonoured. [2] He believes that the militias will remain a menace for a considerable period of time.

Almost all South Sudan militias claim that their raison d’être for rebellion is fighting the corrupt regime of the SPLM. Despite widespread unease with the current government, however, few Sudanese view the militias as a viable alternative to the system, according to Paterno. South Sudanese have no illusions about incompetence and corruption among the ruling elite, yet have often pronounced that even a corrupt and incompetent southern government is better than being ruled by Khartoum. “The public seems well aware that corruption and injustice are only being used by the militias as an excuse,” says a senior SPLM official. According to him, “[The] people of South Sudan are aware that some of the rebel leaders had their stake in corruption while serving in the SPLA.” Such statements represent what seems to be the common perception that the militias’raison d’être is self-serving.

Dr. John Apuruot Akec, Vice Chancellor of the University of Northern Bahr el Ghazal in Sudan and former professor at the University of Juba, says that the “feeling of being marginalized from having a good cut of the cake” is usually what drives these rebellions. “There is no clear cut case for their motives,” he said.[3] He believes that further deterioration of the economic situation may create a flow of new recruits, but overall he doubts that there will be greater popular support for the militias, apart from those that are being encouraged by opposition parties from Juba.

Akec believes that negotiated settlements will likely prevail over amnesty, as the commanders are unlikely to accept an amnesty without compensation; readiness to accept an amnesty offer appears to be directly proportional to the level of support these groups will be getting in the future from either opposition parties within South Sudan or their alleged Khartoum sponsors.
Some sources in Juba are repeating the allegations, almost in unison, that all militias in South Sudan are sponsored and supported by the regime in Khartoum; Paterno believes these militias would not be able to carry on without Khartoum’s support. Senior SPLM officials from Juba, who spoke on condition of anonymity, also expressed their belief that the Sudanese government is using all means available to destabilize the new state of South Sudan.

This is especially true in regards to the border and oil-producing states, where the majority of the militia operations are taking place. The rebellion of Lt. Gen. Gabriel Tang, for example, was allegedly allied to Khartoum when he instigated multiple conflicts in the town of Malakal, in Upper Nile state, prior to independence. While Tang’s previous failed attempts to negotiate with the SPLA resulted in clashes and calls for Khartoum to cease its involvement, his recent surrender and detention by the SPLA in South Sudan suggests that Tang struck some sort of deal with the South.

Another militia leader with alleged ties with Khartoum is Abdul Bagi Ayii Akol Agany, a former presidential advisor turned militiaman, though with few significant forces supporting his rebellion. An SPLM source in Juba said that southern militias such as these are openly using military camps in suburban areas of Khartoum, information that can be verified even by regular passers-by. These rebels have allegedly harassed southerners in Khartoum by stealing vehicles with South Sudan registration plates.

Peter Gadet: Back to the base?

The unanticipated arrival of Maj. Gen. Peter Gadet in Juba this August raised a great deal of attention. The excitement was, however, short-lived once the public realized that his army would not follow. His soldiers, who make up the South Sudan Liberation Movement/Army, or SSLM/A, released a press statement that described Gadet’s peace deal as “a defection” and rejected the ceasefire with the SPLA. The group claimed to have appointed a new leader, Colonel General James Yoach, and vowed to keep their rebellion going. The SSLM/A also claimed that Peter Gadet and his close associate and spokesperson, Bol Gatkuoth, were offered large sums of money for their defection and that the group was not included in the ceasefire bargain in any way.

Gadet’s deal with the government, as unexpected as it may seem, has not genuinely surprised long-time observers of Sudan. Throughout his long military career Gadet has traded his allegiances dozens of times, a pattern that Paterno suggests has been motivated by sheer greed. Paterno also predicts that this latest move will cost Gadet greatly, “by losing support from Nuer militias, from whom he always could draw formidable backing.”[4] As the days go by, the prospect of drawing SSLM/A forces into Gadet’s peace deal seems increasingly improbable. As the Deputy Commander of the SSLA, Maj. Gen. Bapiny Monituel exclusively told the Enough Project, “He came alone [to the SSLA] and left alone.”[5]

Bapiny also told the Enough Project that the “SSLA has no trust in Salva Kiir,” and wants the president to inform the public why Gatluak Gai was killed and Gabriel Tang is in detention. He stated that the fighting against SPLA forces would continue, with the definitive objective being to unite all rebels groups in order to “bring down the government.” Unification of different rebel groups as suggested by Bapiny would not be an entirely new thing in South Sudan.

It has been rumoured, for example, that SSLA forces have already carried out coordinated operations with Southern Sudan Democratic Movement forces under the command of George Athor. Bapiny went on to say that SSLA forces number more than 6,000 men, in addition to 700 officers, and that Peter Gadet’s “defection” would not affect their strength and position whatsoever. At the same time, Bapiny expressed a willingness to talk to the international community but “never with Salva Kiir”, thus indicating a willingness to accept international mediation between them and the SPLA.[6]

Gatluak Gai: Assassination or mutiny

Gatluak Gai’s death may be one of the most significant setbacks for the amnesty process moving forward. Maj. Gen. Bapiny’s request for clear answers about Gai’s death suggests suspicion on the part of the militias toward the government and its stated intention to extend forgiveness to the rebels. Gai was reportedly killed by his own deputy, shortly after he initiated negotiations with SPLA — yet to this day it is uncertain under what circumstances he was murdered. The deputy went on the air at a local radio station shortly after Gai was pronounced dead to tell the public that he had killed Gai because the leader was contemplating halting negotiations with the SPLA in order to join the northern forces, an idea over which they fundamentally disagreed. Gai’s family categorically accused the SPLA of being behind Gai’s death, but the SPLM strongly denied these allegations.

Paterno stated that, similar to Gadet, Col. Gatluak Gai’s rebellion was motivated by both greed and power. His original ambition was to become the commissioner of Koch County in Unity state. Once his bid for the position of commissioner produced no results, he invested his time and energy in supporting Angela Teny, a major rival to the Unity state governor, whom Gai despised, in the 2010 elections. Angela Teny’s unsuccessful run for the governorship destroyed his hopes for assuming the position of commissioner. He went on to launch a rebellion.

Continuing threats and disproportionate responses

Although Kiir’s amnesty offer, Gadet’s defection, and the death of Gatluak Gai may temporarily ease the security concerns around militia activity, the outstanding armed groups, as well as the often abusive and disproportionate military response to them by the SPLA, continue to pose a critical issue for the nascent state of South Sudan.

The most significant remaining military threat comes from Lt. Gen. George Athor, who originally launched his rebellion in the aftermath of his election defeat in 2010 in Jonglei state. Of the 211 civilians killed in 2011, George Athor and his army were responsible for 111 people, all of whom died in an attack in the Fangak area of Jonglei state, following the breaking of a ceasefire agreement negotiated before the January 9 referendum. George Athor denied responsibility, saying that the SPLA had attacked his forces first, being that he had been a focal point for allegations regarding external militia support.

The U.N. Monitoring Group for Somalia and Eritrea travelled to Sudan in April 2011 to investigate the claim that Eritrea was supplying Athor with weapons. They found rocket-propelled grenades of identical make and lot number to arms provided by Eritrea to Ethiopian rebel groups, but could not reach a conclusive decision regarding the relationship, calling for further monitoring of these developments.
How the SPLA responds to militias will prove critical, as military campaigns that commit human rights violations and target civilian populations are likely to worsen the underlying grievances between the Government of South Sudan and its people.

For example, SPLA raids against the militia of Johnson Oliny in the Upper Nile state in February and April of 2011 have been under scrutiny by Human Rights Watch, or HRW, and the Enough Project itself. Johnson Oliny’s militia is believed to be closely associated with South Sudan People’s Liberation Movement for Democratic Change, or SPLM-DC, a major opposition political party in South Sudan.

HRW has indicated in reports that both sides have committed serious human rights abuses against the civilian population. They have called for “improved accountability of SPLA forces” and accused the SPLA of deliberately killing civilians.[7] Again, SPLA leadership in Juba dismissed the HRW report, stating that is was based on allegations and information that were collected without proper research.

Conclusion

Peter Gadet’s declaration of a ceasefire appears to have been his unilateral decision, thus while there has been considerable excitement about the peace deal, few on the ground are convinced that it will be a turning point for the SPLA in its dealings with the militias. Motivations and reasoning behind the rebellions vary from case to case, but many seem to be self-serving in nature. Further attempts toward destabilization are therefore imminent and are, in fact, likely still happening in the field. George Athor, perhaps the only remaining of the big names in the rebel world, is still leading forces to be reckoned with, and who knows which characters will emerge next?

http://www.enoughproject.org/publications/field-dispatch-challenge-tackling-terrorism-south-sudan


The Minister of Defense Republic of South Sudan Gen. John Kong Nyuon. Yesterday addressed the division five infantry in the head quarter Wau , calling upon the armies to be united and one soldier to defend our territory pointing out the security threat that is on the South, Externally & Internally so we need a strong army and that there is training going to be conducted to the soldiers so as to raise their capacity and ability so as to be ready for any assignment .

The Minister of Defense Republic of South Sudan Gen.  John Kong   Nyuon. Yesterday

Adding that the army is one of the pillar of the country, saying that the armies should build good relation with the Citizens for they are our people without them there nothing call armies so they should work hard for the stability of the state and all Southerners and protect our Nation, no one is going for war again we ROSS government wanted the South Sudan people should have real peace and stability.

Pointing out difficulties and challenges facing the government , but every thing will be good after some times so let us all be patient , pointing his up coming plane for the coming period. That the main aim of this visit is to stand on the general situation facing armies in their head quarter, Administratively & Security and to see the process of the guns collections from the hands of the civilians , saying it is necessary to have all guns out of the civilians hands such that they may enjoy peace and stability harmony among themselves. Assuring that he will solve the problems facing militaries.

The Governor of WBGS/ Wau , Brig.Gen. Rizik Zakaria Hassan . on his side welcome the Minister, Congratulating the president and armies for the better choice by bringing right man in the right place . Assuring that he will help the Minister and stand firm with him for the security and even administration. And that the Minister of defense the country through the state border where by experiencing some challenges by the Arabs Nomads and LRA, assuring the stability of the State.

Gen. Pyiang Deng on his side assured the highlighting of the problems facing the armies soon and get full solution for, pointing out the plane of his administrations for the betterment of the armies, building capacity all soldiers.

Lastly all the speaker as asked the armies to vigilant and defense the land of South Sudan in which we fought for , for a long time and today we got our freedom so this our duty to defend it. And make stability, peace & good Environment to our civilians to enjoy the fruit of peace security Stability .

James Deng

HUNGER STRIKE IN FRONT OF THE WHITE HOUSE

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

cleardot.gifEsther Sprague

Dear All,

Elshafei Dafalla Mohamed is an artist and human rights activist, member of the Sudan Human Rights Network and the Torture Abolition and Survivors’ Support Coalition, and Co-Founder of the South Kordofan Solidarity Group. In protest against the ongoing actions of the al-Bashir regime, but particularly to demand that international pressure be brought to bear so that humanitarian aid workers be allowed unlimited access with no restrictions on their work within the conflict zones, Elshafei will undertake a 48 hour hunger strike starting Friday October 7, and he will stand in front of the White House during this period from 8 am to 8 pm. All others are invited to join in this action.

ElSHAFEI DAFALLA MOHAMED

Biography
ElShafei is a sculptor, photographer, painter, and installation artist with a special interest in sound. His work is noted for its political engagement with different world cultures and has been celebrated for its capacity to create solidarity among communities and peoples across political, cultural, and racial differences.
ElShafei’s journey with art began at age thirteen, when he was recognized as a videographer. At age nineteen, he had his first solo exhibit which included sculpture, drawing, and calligraphy. At age twenty-four, he was elected a member of the Sudanese Artists Association Executive Committee. His work also includes documentation of the lives and cultures of the Umbororo, a nomadic group in Sudan that hosted him for two years. In addition, he documented the life histories of more than fifty Sudanese artists through photographs and biographies for the African Studies Center at Cornell University.
In 2001, Elshafei moved to the United States, arriving just in time to participate in a major exhibition of Sufi and Muslim artists in New York City in the wake of the September 11 attacks. In 2004, he was awarded a Visiting Artist Residency at the Center for Afro-American and African Studies and the School of Art and Design at the University of Michigan, where he was awarded a fellowship to pursue his Master of Fine Arts in 2005. In 2007, he was awarded the University of Michigan’s Martin Luther King Spirit Award, and his experiences traveling with the Umbororo in Sudan led to a public sculpture installation, called “Umbororo Crossing,” which won him the Golden Paintbrush Award from the city of Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 2008. That same year he graduated with a Master of Fine Arts, and his installation “Delirium” was selected for exhibition at the Michigan State Capitol in Lansing.
Elshafei has participated in more than fifty exhibits worldwide, and his work is part of public and private collections in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Europe and the United States. He continues to lecture and to exhibit his work, holding artist residencies, participating in community building activities, and creating performative installation events around the U.S. and internationally.

Ann Arbor, Michigan, in 2008. That same year he graduated with a Master of Fine Arts, and his installation “Delirium” was selected for exhibition at the Michigan State Capitol in Lansing.
Elshafei has participated in more than fifty exhibits worldwide, and his work is part of public and private collections in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Europe and the United States. He continues to lecture and to exhibit his work, holding artist residencies, participating in community building activities, and creating performative installation events around the U.S. and internationally.

Two Sudanese hunger strikes’ enters 2nd week
Bushra Gamar Rahma ‏And Daheia Masar Musa
Sudan Human Rights Network (SHRN) received information that “Bushra Gamar” and “Dahia Masar” hunger strike, which was started on Monday, September 26, 2011, enters its second week in protest against continued detention without trial and demands that Sudanese authorities either set them free or try them before a court of law.
Bushra Gamar and Daheia Masar has been placed incommunicado, forcibly given liquid intake/output, and barred from family visits.
Bushra Gamar is an X- Ray technician who heads a civil society organization was detained in Om Durman in 25th June 2011. Bushra appeared before court August 14, the judge dismissed the case and a government attorney set him free accordingly, but the national security agents re-arrested him on the spot, without any explanation.
Daheia Masar Musa is an amateur teacher in a local charity school was detained from his village “Aradaiba” in west Darfur in January 18, 2011 and remained in Kober Prison, Khartoum north until today without trial.
Recommended Action:        
Please send faxes either in Arabic, English or in your own language…
  • ·         Expressing concern at the arrest and continuing of detention of Bushra Gamar Rahma and Daheia Masar Musa.
  • ·         Urging the Sudanese authorities to immediately and unconditionally release Bushra Gamar Hussein Rahma and Daheia Masar Musa.
  • ·       Requesting assurances that they are being humanly treated, that they have immediate and regular access to their families, lawyers, and any necessary medical attention.

US Senate Considers America’s First-Ever Ambassador to South Sudan

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

Michael Bowman | Capitol Hill

US Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Africa Affairs, Susan Page (file photo) Photo: AP
US Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Africa Affairs, Susan Page (file photo)

The U.S. Senate has taken an important step to solidify America’s relationship with the world’s newest nation, South Sudan. The Senate Foreign Relations Committee held a confirmation hearing Wednesday for the first-ever nominee to be U.S. ambassador to South Sudan, which declared its independence from Sudan this past July.

South Sudan is a nation of great promise and great challenges, according to Democratic Party Senator Chris Coons of Delaware.

“Fierce fighting in the [Sudanese] regions of South Kordofan and Blue Nile has resulted in death, displacement, and a lack of access for humanitarian workers," said Coons. "South-South violence is also significant. Poverty is endemic. Health, education and infrastructure are all seriously inadequate. And despite these challenges, South Sudan is a place of hope for millions of residents who have waited decades for their freedom.”

President Barack Obama’s nominee to be the first U.S. ambassador to South Sudan is Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Susan Page, who is no stranger to the new country. During South Sudan’s long push for independence, Page served as a legal advisor to the Sudanese mediation process and helped draft provisions of the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement, which ended Sudan’s north-south civil war.

She told the committee of America’s priorities for the new nation.

“Our main interests in South Sudan are stability, strengthening democracy, economic viability, and internal and regional peace and security," said Page. "Our focus will remain on promoting a peaceful relationship between the Republic of South Sudan and the Republic of Sudan. The United States will need to assist the South in navigating these challenges – maximizing civilian protection, individual human rights, and fundamental freedoms.”

Page added that South Sudan will need continued U.S. assistance to help transform the country’s former freedom fighters, the Sudan People’s Liberation Army, into a professional force under civilian control.

The Obama administration has requested just over $500 million in aid for South Sudan for the coming year, much of which will be devoted to security and governance initiatives, as well as education and health care.

Page said South Sudan has enormous and pressing economic and developmental challenges – as well as a valuable resource.

“South Sudan will receive an estimated $4 to 5 billion in oil revenues annually, and will have the necessary resources to invest in strong institutions run by capable individuals," she said. "This is a unique opportunity to get it right, by managing its resources efficiently, creating fiscal transparency, ending corruption, and avoiding the pitfalls that beset so many resource-rich nations.”

Deputy Assistant Secretary of State Susan Page, testifying at her Senate confirmation hearing as America’s first ambassador to South Sudan. Senators of both parties expressed strong support for her nomination. A full vote by the U.S. Senate on her nomination has yet to be scheduled, but is anticipated in the coming weeks.

http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/US-Senate-Considers-First-Ever-Ambassador-to-South-Sudan-131161118.html

US nominee urges South, north Sudan to reach oil deal

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

(AFP)

WASHINGTON — The US nominee for ambassador to South Sudan on Wednesday called on the new state and its former rulers in north Sudan to reach an oil-sharing deal quickly to avert "economic stresses."

The south, which has three-quarters of the old Sudan’s oil reserves, failed to reach a deal on how much it should pay for renting the north’s pipeline before it seceded and formed an independent state on July 9.

"On oil revenues and sharing whatever kind of pipeline arrangement that they make really needs to be solidified and quite quickly," Susan Page, the nominee for the first US ambassador to South Sudan, told a Senate confirmation hearing.

"Right now both sides are allowing the oil to continue to flow and to be exported but, without something solid pretty quickly, both countries will really face some serious economic stresses," Page told the Senate panel.

Under the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) that ended two decades of civil war, the south held a referendum that led to its secession from the north but it has failed to reach an oil-sharing deal with the north under the CPA.

Page, whom President Barack Obama nominated to the job, also told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee that the new state must manage its oil wealth wisely and avoid harming its development prospects through corruption.

"South Sudan will receive an estimated $4 to $5 billion in oil revenues annually and will have the necessary resources to invest in building strong institutions run by capable individuals," Page said.

"This is a unique opportunity to get it right, by managing its resources efficiently, creating fiscal transparency, ending corruption, avoiding the pitfalls that beset so many resource-rich nations," she said.

Page added she would work with the US Agency for International Development to provide basic services to South Sudanese, diversify their economy and speed up the development of infrastructure and investment in agriculture.

The full Senate is expected to vote on her nomination in the coming weeks.

Copyright © 2011 AFP. All rights reserved. More »

http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jX3vRhREfrS3dWpeke3Gq4MSkbww?docId=CNG.c90be47ad3a7dac54070ada821f17cb1.4f1

Jimmy Carter spearheads final drive to eradicate guinea worm disease

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

£60m needed to finish the job and wipe crippling condition from the planet

The world is tantalisingly close to eradicating guinea worm disease, which would make it only the second disease of humans to be wiped from the planet, according to former US president Jimmy Carter.

Speaking in London alongside World Health Organisation director general Dr Margaret Chan, Carter, who has led the fight against the disease, said that around £60m more was needed to finish the job.

Since the Carter Centre took up the cause in 1986, almost every nation had eradicated the crippling and painful disease, said the former president. "It is likely by the end of this year we will have guinea worm in only one country – the newest one on earth – South Sudan," he added.

In 1995 Carter personally negotiated a six-month ceasefire between northern and southern Sudan, in a successful attempt to reach remote villages where guinea worm larvae infest drinking water, causing immense suffering to some of the poorest men, women and children on earth.

"The Carter Centre’s programme is designed to go into the places where the needs are greatest and quite often where the needs are neglected by others," said the former president. "We couldn’t get into southern Sudan because of the war."

In 1995 the leaders of north and south agreed the longest-ever ceasefire in the conflict, enabling volunteers to reach remote rural villages. They knew, said Carter, that "guinea worm was a blight on the people. There was an inseparable connection between peace on the one hand and doing away with guinea worm on the other." Carter eventually helped negotiate peace and his centre monitored the national elections in 2010 and the referendum on separation this year.

Since 1986, 3.5m cases of guinea worm disease in 21 countries have been reduced by 99.9%. Now there are fewer than 1,000 a year.

In 1979, while Carter was president, the eradication of smallpox was declared. That cost £195m and was achieved through mass vaccination – a feat that is being attempted in polio but which looks difficult to repeat with the increased movement of populations.

Guinea worm eradication, a generation later, has so far cost £250m and is close to being achieved without recourse to vaccination or treatments, because they do not exist. The disease is being prevented through the drilling of wells for uncontaminated water and education of those who live in remote rural villages. People have been taught to filter their drinking water through a small pipe, cheaply made and distributed, which removes the guinea worm larvae.

The effort to reach the remotest villages has paid dividends, said Carter. "When we go in to a place like South Sudan, we have personally trained about 12,000 local volunteers and taught them aspects of healthcare and about good water that is clean to drink. We have often been able to dig deep wells that are free from disease."

There have been other benefits too. "In the rest of their lives, many have never known success. They have never attempted anything that really succeeded. Quite often their relationship to foreigners has comprised broken promises. When we go in and teach them how they can correct their own problem, they not only learn the rudiments of healthcare and sanitation but they learn how to be self-sufficient and gain self-respect," he said.

Stephen O’Brien, international development minister, pledged on Wednesday the UK government would provide up to one-third of the funding needed for the campaign against the guinea worm. But the amount of the British donation is dependent on how much is put in by others – the Department for International Development will put in £1 for every £2 from elsewhere, he said.

O’Brien added that discussions were taking place with other donors, but that it would be premature to reveal their identities. "I very much hope they will produce a response to the challenge," he said.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/05/jimmy-carter-eradicate-guinea-worm-disease?newsfeed=true

South Sudan Border Eats Into Kenya

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

Francis Mureithi

5 October 2011

Maps of the South Sudan published recently indicate the new republic’s borders include a large chunk of Kenya territory. The maps are likely to cause tensions between Kenya and the newest country in the continent. Lands minister James Orengo yesterday attempted to downplay the situation when he told a parliamentary committee that the issue of the boundary between the two countries is “sensitive” and being urgently addressed by his ministry as well as those of Defence and Foreign Affairs.

Orengo told the Committee on Defence and Foreign Relations that the government is aware of the new map which indicates that parts of Kenya have been hived off to be in South Sudan territory. Orengo declined to give the committee more information about the annexation unless they held the meeting in camera.

He said Defence minister Yusuf Haji and his Foreign Affairs counterpart Moses Wetang’ula should also be involved in the discussion. “If we are not careful, we will be losing territories every day,” Orengo told the committee. The committee has already commenced investigations into the encroachment by government of South Sudan and is expected to table its report once Parliament resumes.

Wajir West MP Adan Keynan said the border with Southern Sudan is one of the key reasons why his committee had summoned Orengo. “We have been on the receiving end from the Meriles of Ethiopia to foreign fishermen in the Lake Victoria,” said Keynan.


Committee member Raphael Letimalo, Samburu East MP, said he noticed GOSS had encroached upon Kenyan soil on a map he saw in Juba during the country’s independence day in July. “I was there during the celebrations of independence in Juba and that is when I saw their map which has encroached into our territory, and I raised the issue there,” Letimalo said.

The accusations are likely to cause friction between Kenya and its northwestern neighbour which has over three decades looked to Kenya to provide sanctuary to hundreds of thousands of its people. Kenya played a critical leadership role in the negotiations that led to the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement which ended the protracted civil war and culminated in February’s referendum when South Sudan overwhelmingly voted to secede from the North.

Orengo told the committee that Kenya faces territorial problems with Somalia and Uganda since the boundaries are not clearly demarcated. Orengo said only the Ethiopian border was clearly demarcated through the initiative of President Jomo Kenyatta and Ethiopia’s Emperor Haile Selassie.

Orengo said the long-running dispute between Kenya and Uganda over the ownership of the Migingo Island may have to be referred to the International Court of Justice – the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. Orengo said resolving the Migingo dispute requires political will and not just surveys by technocrats. He maintained the island is squarely in Kenya. “On Migingo, what is required is a political solution failure to which we will go to a tribunal or the International Court,” said Orengo.

The minister was accompanied to the committee meeting by Commissioner of Lands Zablon Mabeya, the Director of Land Adjudication and Settlements Esther Ogega among the senior ministry staff. Orengo told the committee that public land allocated to the Department of Defence had been hived off and sold to private developers and cited examples of land in Karen, Embakasi, Langata, Eastleigh and the Eldoret bullet factory.

He said the land had been sold off with the connivance of some military officers. He said land where the residence of the Vice President is being built was illegally acquired from the military. While the residence will not be demolished as it is for use by a public officer, Orengo said he had initiated the process of recovering the adjacent plots where palatial homes have since been built.

http://allafrica.com/stories/201110051282.html

Turkey to Train Local Medical Doctors

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

Lindri Godfrey

Juba — The government of Turkey will train South Sudanese medical doctors in hospitals in Turkey, the minister for Health Hon Dr Michael Milli Hussein has announced.

The minister made this announcement yesterday after a meeting he held at the ministry’s headquarters with the Consul General of Turkey to the Republic of South Sudan Mr Ahmed Ergin.

Dr Hussein explained that they had also discussed possible areas of cooperation between the governments of Turkey and South Sudan especially in the health sector. He also said that Turkey will send health specialists to handle cases of eye diseases in an effort to bridge the human resource gaps in sector.

Meanwhile, Mr Ergin said that Turkey has experience in the health sector and would to share the same with South Sudan.

In another related development, Dr Hussein also met a team from the World Bank led by Mr. Benjamin Loevinsohn. Addressing the press after the meeting Dr Hussein said that the team had come to brief him on their areas of intervention and how they can co-ordinate for best results in these areas of interest.

He said they also discussed issues of pharmaceutical procurements which, he reported, the World Bank will help in next year. Mr Loevinsohn said they also discussed the new World Bank’s finance operation which the ministry will implement to strengthen primary health care provision particularly in Jonglei and Upper Nile states.

http://allafrica.com/stories/201110050988.html

Extraordinary Council of Ministers Passes Universities Policy Paper

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

Thomas Kenneth

4 October 2011

Juba — The Council of Ministers in its extra-ordinary meeting held today on Tuesday October 4th, 2011, under the chairmanship of the President of the Republic H.E Gen. Salva Kiir Mayardit, discussed issues related to the South Sudan’s five national universities and the private ones.

That was after a memo presented to the council by Prof. Peter Adwok Nyaba, the minister for Higher Education, Research, Science and Technology, on the policy statement of his ministry. The policy statement intended to develop higher education and improve its institutions.

According to the minister for Information and Broadcasting Hon. Dr. Barnaba Marial Benjamin the policy includes loans to the students and possibilities of seeking international loans for building South Sudan’s national universities. After a long discussion, the council commended the minister and passed the policy paper.

Dr Marial who is also the Government Official Spokesman also announced to the press after the council of ministers’ meeting that the President of the Republic informed the council that he will visit Khartoum with a good number of ministers within this week to discuss outstanding issues of Abyei, border demarcation, oil and economic issues with President Omer El-Bashir.

Regarding the issue of opening South Sudan universities, Prof. Adwok told the press that the universities had a ministerial order for opening the universities on October 1st, 2011. He assured that the universities have started to open with the process of supplementary examinations after which the academic year will begin.

Prof Adwok appealed to the students to be patient, remain calm and consider the difficulties the young Republic of South Sudan is facing in repatriating the universities back to South Sudan. He also appealed to the students not to take the law into their own hands and put pressure to the university administrations because the South Sudan government, with the help of the President of the Republic, is looking seriously into the issues facing the universities.

http://allafrica.com/stories/201110050919.html

SOUTH SUDAN: Livestock critical to survival

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

201110041328080130.jpg
Photo: Hannah McNeish/IRIN

Calf mortality is as high as 40-50 percent in some regions of South Sudan, according to a study by the Netherlands Development Organisation

TEREKEKA, 5 October 2011 (IRIN) – “There were so many, and now there are so few… It makes me sad when the animals die,” said Sezerina Sake, a young Mundari woman, as she looked on to the community’s cattle camp in Terekeka, 80km north of South Sudan’s capital, Juba, where she has spent her entire life.

Generations here have missed out on schooling to tend to the cattle, milk the cows and burn their dung to use as mosquito repellant.

While Sezerina does not know her age, she is all too aware that she needs to attract a 50-cow dowry if her parents are to allow her to marry when the time comes. She hopes vaccinating the community’s remaining 800 cows will make this more likely.

The UN Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), estimates that with 11 million cows and 19 million goats and sheep, South Sudan has the fourth-largest herd of livestock in Africa. In the world’s newest nation, the livelihoods of more than 80 percent of the population are based on livestock.

According to a recent report on the economic impact of east coast fever in South Sudan’s Eastern Equatoria state, published in the International Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Science, “livestock… are primary investment resources which generate food (meat, milk), cash income, fuel, clothing, employment and capital stock. They provide manure and draught power for crop production. They are stores of wealth which provide a sense of security, prestige, social status and cultural value. In addition, livestock convert crop waste and by-product as well as forages – otherwise useless to man – into useful products.”

The paper found that direct losses attributable to east coast fever outbreaks in just two cattle camps in Juba district in 2011 amounted to more than US$134,000.

“[The] impact of disease on the livelihood of the communities/household might include inadequate access to food, health facilities, educational opportunities, community participation and social interaction. Their chance for combating and reducing poverty is minimized and vulnerability level increases and the response to risk becomes poor, as livestock represent the alternative source in case of crops failure or in the event of disasters,” said the report.

In some regions of South Sudan, calf mortality is as high as 40-50 percent, according to the Netherlands Development Organisation’s Value Chain Study of the Livestock Sector. In mature herds, mortality is 10-15 percent in many areas, it said.

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Photo: Hannah McNeish/IRIN
Cattle vaccination at a camp in Terekeka

In late September 2011, South Sudan’s government – whose Ministry of Animal Resources and Fisheries took part in the east coast fever study – added animal vaccination to a 100-day plan of state-building initiatives. It hopes vaccination will make the animals more marketable and create a revenue stream to complement the state’s 98 percent dependency on oil.

FAO will spend $1.95 million in South Sudan this year on vaccinating an estimated five million cattle against black quarter fever, east coast fever and haemorrhagic septicemia.

Ideally, 70 percent of the country’s animals (around 21 million head) should be targeted for vaccination against these endemic diseases. But FAO faces a lack of funding, limited local capacity and access constraints due to insecurity.

Double whammy

George Okech, head of FAO in South Sudan, said agro-pastoralist communities such as Terekeka would crumble if they lost their animals.

“First of all they won’t have food. Their livelihoods would be completely destroyed because they would not have any cash to even buy grain, to pay school fees, to buy clothes and basic things,” he said.

“Now the other thing is that these animals are very important to these communities, especially the pastoralists, in terms of marriage, in terms of cultural events,” Okech added.

An FAO Rapid Crop Assessment has predicted severe food shortages next year due to internal insecurity and border closures with Sudan after the South’s secession in July.

The lack of goods crossing South Sudan’s undefined border or floating down the Nile from Sudan caused a 9 percent leap in prices in South Sudan’s first month as a sovereign nation.

Okech said local coping strategies always come down to bartering cows, but with a reduced herd and food shortages driving down the market exchange between cattle and foodstuffs, he fears for their livelihoods.

“If we had cattle now dying, it would be a double blow to these people, a double tragedy to the community, and the impact would be very high for these households,” he said.

Cycle of violence

According to the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) internal security problems, notably related to cattle rustling, were a major cause for concern, in addition to the violence in regions to the north of the border with Sudan.

More than 1,000 people were killed and 25,000 head of cattle stolen in two major cattle raids in Jonglei State in 2011, the first in June, the second, a retaliation by the Murle on the Lou Nuer community which carried out the earlier raid.

201110041329190427.jpg
Photo: Hannah McNeish/IRIN
Sezerina Sake with a calabash of milk at Terkeka cattle camp

"In both case we saw very large-scale movement, in army-like fashion. New arms, new weapons, and Thuraya [satellite] phones. So this is not normal cattle rustling. This is something way beyond that and it is something that is extremely worrisome," UNMISS Special Representative Hilde Johnson told reporters in Juba.

"If it gets out of hand, we will be in a situation where the cycle of violence will escalate to unknown proportions in South Sudan," she added.

The impending dry season could lead to an escalation of cattle rustling because of increased competition over access to water holes and grazing land.

In a recent bulletin, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs noted that “tensions also continue to simmer in Jonglei and Upper Nile states due to persistent rumours of impending inter-communal and rebel militia attacks.

“The security situation in Jonglei remains volatile, particularly in northern counties due to alleged rebel militia group recruitment in Duk, Ayod, Pigi, Fangak, Nyirol and Uror. Tensions between groups of Lou Nuer and Murle youth continue to be reported, despite ongoing efforts by government, community and the UN to de-escalate inter-ethnic strains.”

hm/am/mw

[This report does not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations]

http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=93894

South Sudan becomes ITU’s 193rd member state

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

By: Henry Lazenby
5th October 2011

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announced on Wednesday that the world’s youngest country, South Sudan, has joined the United Nations (UN) agency for information and communication technology (ICT).

South Sudan became the union’s 193rd member State on Monday. The country, which gained its independence on July 9, had been allocated the international dialling code +211 by the ITU, following its recognition by the UN general assembly. The dialling code became active on September 28.

“We are delighted to welcome South Sudan as an ITU member State so soon after attaining full nationhood. The government recognises the importance of information and communication technology as an engine of social and economic development. We will work alongside the national authorities to leverage the power of technology, to help lift the country to new levels and fulfil the national motto of ‘justice, liberty, prosperity’,” ITU secretary-general Dr Hamadoun Touré said in a statement.

The accession of South Sudan as an ITU member State implies its adhesion to the Radio Regulations, the international treaty which governs the use of radio communications among the world’s nations, giving it full access rights to the frequency spectrum and satellite orbit resources managed by ITU.

A high-level ITU delegation led by ITU’s Telecommunication Development Bureau director Brahima Sanou recently met with South Sudan Ministers, with the aim of acquiring first-hand information on the country’s needs and challenges in the area of ICT development. The mission paved the way for the delivery of focused assistance to the country as it embarked on its development path.

For over 145 years, ITU had coordinated the shared global use of the radio spectrum, promoted international cooperation in assigning satellite orbits, worked to improve communication infrastructure in the developing world, and established the worldwide standards that foster seamless interconnection of a vast range of communications systems. This included broadband networks to new-generation wireless technologies, aeronautical and maritime navigation, radio astronomy, satellite-based meteorology and converging fixed-mobile phone, Internet and broadcasting technologies.

Edited by: Mariaan Webb

http://www.engineeringnews.co.za/article/south-sudan-becomes-itus-193rd-member-state-2011-10-05

North-south Sudan tensions hamper Nile trade

Posted: October 5, 2011 by PaanLuel Wël Media Ltd. in Junub Sudan

South Sudan isolated by poor trade links

* Ancient Nile route still key for commerce

* Traders complain of currency obstacles

* Officials see big southern demand in long term

By Ulf Laessing

KOSTI, Sudan, Oct 5 (Reuters) – Standing by his truckful of onions at the bustling Nile port of Kosti, Sudanese trader Omar Sheikh hopes shipping his goods to newly independent South Sudan will justify the bureaucratic hassle.

Nearly three months after the south split from the north after decades of civil war, no comprehensive trade agreement exists between them, hampering the flow of goods to the poor, isolated and underdeveloped south, which has only a little more than 50 kilometres (31 miles) of paved roads.

"In the south there is big demand for all sorts of goods," Sheikh said as he waited for his customs papers to be cleared. "But we need agreements between the governments to facilitate trade. Without such agreements, there will be no trade."

Commerce on South Sudan’s southern flank is hindered by tribal violence and the world’s youngest country must rely on one of the oldest trade routes, the Nile, as its main link to foreign markets.

That forces it to deal with the north, but relations have been frosty since they split on July 9, and arguments over oil revenue and their common border have pushed the vital question of trade down the agenda.

Both countries have launched new currencies without any coordination. The south issued its pound in July, forcing the north to launch its own new currency as it feared being swamped with old notes hoarded in the south.

The barges that travel up the White Nile are loaded in Kosti, a dusty, low-rise town on the river’s western bank 300 km south of the North Sudanese capital Khartoum. The rusty boats sag in the Nile’s pungent waters as they fill with food, consumer goods, luggage and equipment for United Nations staff working in the south.

"Trading just resumed. In the south they want many products, such as food, juices, lentils and other items," said Babiker Alsayer, an export trader in Kosti’s port.

It is around 1,000 km straight overland from Kosti to the southern capital Juba. The Nile bends and twists through the arid landscape as it wends its way south, making for a river trip of up to two weeks.

Trade almost ground to a halt in the run-up to southern independence as violence broke out along stretches of the poorly marked joint border, cutting off food supplies to the south. Southern inflation soared to 57 percent in August as a result.

Northern port officials say bilateral trade has grown since the two states signed a limited agreement last month to facilitate trade and travel. Since then, about ten or more trucks have been arriving every day in Kosti, port officials and traders say.

SOLD UP THE RIVER

The lack of roads makes the Nile as vital for the regions either side of its banks as in ancient times. But the traders plying the Nile say they are taking big risks because of the long list of hindrances to commerce, raising the costs for buyers in the south.

"I will ship my goods by barge and then sell on local markets, for which I will get paid in southern pounds," said a trader who gave his name as Malik.

Since it is almost impossible to change southern pounds in the north, Malik must first change the southern money into dollars — a difficult task. Both countries have shortages of dollars, which traders say are only available at a bad rate on the black market. Some dealers in the south are demanding 5 pounds or more for 1 dollar, well above the official rate of 3 pounds and above the black market rate in the north, they say.

The northern central bank allows traders to change only small amounts of northern pounds into dollars in Khartoum, making it harder to buy imported goods to ship south.

"I must bring back the dollars I changed at the central bank within 45 days. I had to leave a cheque as a deposit," said one merchant, showing a letter from the Khartoum-based central bank.

The traders struggle to get their goods to Kosti and down the Nile, sell them, swap the southern pounds for dollars and bring them back to Khartoum to meet the central bank’s deadline.

"We need government coordination on how to trade with the south. There is big business there but we need agreements," the merchant said.

BENEFITS

Reliable data for the size of bilateral trade could not be obtained, but some analysts said the potential size could be gauged from the fact that before the split, Sudan’s non-oil exports were about $1.7 billion annually — north-south merchandise trade could eventually grow to a significant proportion of that figure. The total population of the north and south is about 41 million, of which 80 percent are in the north.

The Nile trade is also important for Egypt, which exported $274 million of goods to Sudan in the first half of 2011, a figure that may rise as demand grows from the south in the face of food shortages after rain and tribal violence, experts say.

South Sudan will have to rely on the north to export its oil for years, as the only pipeline from the southern fields runs to Port Sudan on the north’s Red Sea coast. The south, which is producing around 300,000 barrels of crude oil a day, made some $500 million in revenue from its first oil shipment exported via Port Sudan, the deputy finance minister said last week.

Diplomats say both the north and the south seem willing to improve economic ties.

"We see a big rise in trade with the south. There is huge demand from merchants here to export to the south," said Mutasim Matawi, head of the export department at the ministry of foreign trade in Khartoum.

"We know the situation is not perfect yet. We have set up a committee with the south to regulate trade."

South Sudan will have to significantly increase its food imports in coming months because its own production this year will come in 500,000 tonnes below its needs, according to U.N. estimates. Some food supplies will come on U.N. aid flights but much will be delivered through the Nile trade.

Samson Wassara, an analyst in the southern capital Juba, said South Sudan also wanted to develop trade via Kenya to its southeast, using the Indian Ocean port of Mombasa for trade with Asia. For now, goods from Asia destined for South Sudan arrive at Port Sudan for transfer to the slow Nile barges.

"They are trying to open new trade routes from Juba to Mombasa. The port in Mombasa is relatively near to Juba compared to Port Sudan," said Wassara.

However, Mombasa is difficult to reach for now because of tribal violence and taxes imposed illegally along roads into Kenya. Officials in Kosti say their port will remain the cheapest, and simplest, option.

"Some of the traders don’t speak decent English so they prefer to deal with us than going via Kenya," said a port official in Kosti. (Editing by Tom Pfeiffer and Andrew Torchia)

http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/10/05/sudan-south-trade-idUSL5E7KR26F20111005